A rather serious problem can be worm infestation of the human body. Invasion can manifest in everyone, regardless of a person's gender, age and social status.
Worms can settle in the small or large intestine, entering there in different ways.
They have a serious toxic effect on the organ system as a whole, producing the products of their vital activity.
All this negatively affects the resistance of a person's body to all kinds of infections that attack it.
division of worms
Today, more than 300 different helminthic pathologies are known. They are provoked by nematodes and cestodes.
The former are roundworms, while the latter are flatworms. They parasitize various organs and their tissues.
That is why experts worked on the classification of parasites. According to the likelihood of parasitism in the human body, two groups of worms are known:
- Intestine;
- extra bowel.
Representatives of the intestinal group live in the region of the small or large intestine, while the other extra-intestinal ones live in the heart, liver, lungs, and even muscles.
They travel through the body for the outflow of blood. As a rule, a person with a good immune system has several protective barriers that prevent worms from entering the body.
The mouth contains a special enzyme that has a negative effect on them. If this barrier is passed by the worms, they enter the stomach, where the acidic environment kills their eggs.
It is also customary to subdivide worms on the basis of the diseases they cause. For example, liver fluke causes fascioliasis, bovine tapeworm - taeniarinhose, pinworm - enterobiasis, roundworm - ascariasis, etc.
Thanks to the immunity of the intestine, certain antibodies are formed that oppose the worm.
Only these barriers are not of particular importance in the case when a person has become seriously ill, i. e. the immune system is weakened.
presence of human worms
To date, a large number of helminths are presented, which differ in appearance and have characteristic features. Not all will be described in this article, but the main features are still recognizable.
In adults, worms may present as roundworms, commonly referred to as pinworms, roundworms, trichinae.
The next variety is oblong individuals with sharp edges, but the tuft has a flattened body.
They are so named for a reason, because they stick to the area of the excretory tract in the human body.
This is a special type of worm, which does not have its own respiratory and circulatory system. Flukes feed on feces and mucous membranes, blood.
A special group should include tapeworms, they have a flattened body shape, similar to a ribbon.
Their habitat is the intestines. An intermediate place of residence for tape individuals can be fish and animals.
They have special suction cups that allow them to attach to the intestinal walls. There, the worms settle and spend their lives, feeding and multiplying.
presence of human worm eggs
Worms can live in humans for a long time, the symptoms will not be noticeable.
Many people mistakenly become aware of their deformity only when they start having a stool test or feel very bad.
In feces, it is not always possible to notice them with the naked eye, and even if there is no microscope at hand.
The presence of worm eggs in humans, the symptoms of which are not even noticeable at first, cannot be observed without the use of special laboratory equipment.
If you pass the analysis of feces, the laboratory assistant will be able to determine whether there are worms in the body and determine the type of these parasites.
The data will be based on the type and type of worm eggs that differ from each other.
They. If the question arises: "How to determine that a person has worms? ", The answer will be reduced to the fact that for starters it is worth going to the hospital and taking the tests prescribed by the doctor.
Ways of infection in the body
Insects occur in the human body in the form of many types of infection. The most important is oral.
In such a situation, insects enter the human body through dirty hands, unwashed fruits and vegetables. The eggs of parasites are inside humans, because they live in the ground. Kind is worth washing, and only then sit down to eat. Otherwise, only a few will be able to avoid the question of how to treat a helminthic invasion.
It is also important not to eat meat and fish that have not been thermally processed and have not been approved by sanitary controls.
It is worth noting here that some types of helminth eggs survive even when the meat is cooked.
Another way of infecting the body with worms is contact. They. Infection is through feces.
Helminth eggs may be in the fecal matter of infected people or animals. They enter the human body and begin to multiply when they become sexually mature individuals.
Specialists identify other modes of infection. One of them is related to the skin. Worms from the aquatic environment enter the human body using the epidermis.
Invasion by worms is also possible through the bite of an insect vector. This method is widespread in tropical states.
But in the south of our country or even in foreign countries, it is much easier to prevent this type of parasite, which will lead to the fact that a person will have to be interested in treating helminths.
The modes of transmission of worms are in fact countless, from an infected person to a healthy person as well.
But this does not mean at all that together with an infected person, you will catch helminthiasis from him.
Pathology is not able to be transmitted by airborne droplets, there is only a contact method for transmitting insects. Here it is necessary to determine other nuances.
The peculiarity of the methods of infection with worms is that the eggs of the parasite can enter the human body. They will lose the ability to develop and become adults.
If they are in the environment they will be able to grow. If necessary nutrients are found along with the larva, the egg will start to grow and develop.
Dormant helminth eggs will be excreted from the body with feces, a person will begin to infect himself and harm others, if the principles of a hygienic regime are not followed.
Clinical picture of the presence of worms in the human body
Many people are interested in the question of how to understand that you have worms. The answer can be found if you pay attention to your well-being.
Symptoms of worms in an adult will vary depending on the type of parasites present in the body.
Many of them live in the digestive tract, and therefore the signs of the presence of worms in humans will be as follows:
- state of drowsiness;
- loss of past performance;
- weakness;
- intoxication of the body with helminths;
- increased appetite or, conversely, its acute absence;
- weight loss with normal nutrition;
- Constipation;
- Diarrhea;
- less stool with blood;
- feces with worms;
- itching sensation in the anus;
- headache with migraine attacks;
- violation of healthy sleep;
- Allergic reaction to certain products, this is due to the fact that certain types of insects secrete special substances.
Symptoms of worms in adults can be closely related to those of hepatitis.
The thing is that the parasites affect the liver and gallbladder area. There are types of tremors that can be confused with a manifestation of pancreatitis.
In case of muscle pain, excessive sweating and feverish conditions, it is worth suspecting that the body may have Trichinella.
Very rarely, but cases were also recorded when signs of the presence of worms in a person were accompanied by a deterioration in the functioning of the brain, eyes and lungs.
After all, these parasites can also settle in these places, which is not characteristic of them at all. Therefore, the symptoms of worms in humans were accompanied by similar pain sensations in the area of their settlement.
The symptoms of the presence of worms in an adult vary, which is why there are different ways to tell that you have worms, but in reality they tend to be ineffective.
Symptoms in adults appear only in cases where severe infection is observed. A person may lose a lot of weight, his skin will turn pale, and the itching in the anus will not stop.
As you can see, the symptoms of helminthic invasion in adults are similar to other symptoms of pathology.
Below will be considered cases of deviations of some systems of the human body, if worms settle in certain organs.
immune system malfunction
Worms provoke a strong weakening of the body's immune forces, taking away all the useful elements and vitamins.
A person can begin to become seriously ill with a cold, although until recently he did not have a tendency to such pathologies.
It is vulnerable to many infectious or viral diseases, and therefore none of the minerals and vitamins can help restore immunity.
First, you need to find out if a person has worms, and then start treating parasites.
respiratory disease
If insects find themselves in the respiratory tract, they inflict a merciless blow to it. It is possible that asthma, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and other pathologies of the lung organs begin to appear.
One way to determine whether a person has worms is to pay attention to the presence of a persistent runny nose.
violation of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract
Worm can settle in the intestinal area. Symptoms in an adult will manifest in this case as problems with stool disorder or constipation.
Nausea and vomiting are not ruled out. There is also pain in the intestines, there is also excessive bloating.
A person may eat more than usual and not recover for a long time, or, conversely, suddenly refuse to eat.
There are cases when mild symptoms and treatment of other types of pathology do not bring the desired result.
But there are cases when the symptoms of worm infestation are obvious. If the worms have settled in the body, when large worms block the intestinal tract, leading to complete constipation, severe diarrhea can occur.
disruption of the CNS
Large numbers of worms in the body require treatment as soon as possible, as the central nervous system can be seriously affected.
The products secreted by parasites are capable of inflicting heavy blows on the nervous system, they send to the body and cause malfunction.
A person may suffer from memory loss, migraine attacks with recurrent headaches, depression and fatigue.
It will not be easy for him to make contact with other people and communication can often lead to disputes.
Proper treatment of worms in adults is an important measure, since serious complications in the work of the central nervous system are possible.
They will be accompanied by a state of fever and a rise in body temperature up to 39 degrees.
The lack of useful elements due to parasitic infection can provoke fatigue syndrome at a chronic level, triggering the process of anemia and troubling the person constantly.
skin deformity
If worms get into the human body, the skin gets damaged. In many cases, acne and pimples will be seen.
No matter how much effort a person makes, it is impossible to correct these distortions.
Helminths provoke such pathologies as dermatitis, seborrhea and papillomas. They can be manifested by cracks in the heels, itching of the skin and crumbling of the nail plate.
A person begins to suffer from severe skin allergic reactions that cannot be treated, so it is important to start a course of treatment for worms in an adult. Otherwise, there is a chance that the skin will quickly age and turn yellowWill go
It is important to note that the brightness of the clinical picture will largely depend on the number of individuals in the human body, the place of their localization and immunity.
Some worms, for example, roundworms, can provoke a general disruption of general well-being, when filariasis undergoes an incubation period throughout the year.
The danger of insects to people
We figured out what helminths are, now it remains to understand what harm they can cause to a person.
In this case, it is necessary to point out that worms secrete active substances that poison the human body.
Helminths feed on digested nutrients, blood, and they also prefer a variety of tissues. All this provokes a lack of iron, protein and other important vitamins for the development of the body.
Worms can provoke malfunctions in the digestive tract, disrupt the stool, it turns out that only a person will feel very bad.
An adult has every chance to get rid of worms if you seek the help of a doctor in time. Today, many means are known to help cleanse the body of parasites without violating its integrity.
diagnostic measures
During the week, the doctor will prescribe 3 tests for the patient that can detect eggs. This measure is necessary to obtain reliable results.
It is also very important to find effective pills for worms, for this purpose a person needs to undergo a comprehensive medical examination, which includes:
- general and biochemical blood tests;
- scraping;
- Analysis of urine and feces.
The specialist has a grueling task of interviewing the patient and examining him to identify specific symptoms of worm infestation.
Symptoms may include itching in the anus, bitterness in the mouth, swollen lymph nodes, and joint and muscle pain.
The greater their number, the greater the risk of the appearance of worms in the human body.
medical therapy
After carrying out the above tests, it is necessary to select special anthelmintic agents. What is an anthelmintic drug and how it works, only the attending physician will be able to tell.
If it is chosen incorrectly, there is a chance that even more damage will occur to the body, but it will not be possible to remove the parasites.
Each patient will need to take the medicine according to a specific treatment regimen. The doctor will make this based on the patient's weight, the form of parasitic infection, the patient's age and the degree of disease.
In order to avoid the facts of self-infection, it is recommended to take anthelmintic drugs again a few weeks after treatment. This method allows you to remove the rest of the larvae and eggs of the parasite from the body.
Traditional medicine to get rid of insects
Pumpkin seeds are famous for their great efficiency, helping to expel parasites from the body. It should be clarified that such a remedy should be eaten with a thin film, necessarily raw.
It is recommended to take it in the morning on an empty stomach. If necessary, you can mix them with honey or jam.
The next stage of treatment will be an enema. Only after 2 hours of this remedy you can start eating. The course of treatment with pumpkin seeds should be repeated after another 14 days.